Vapor-Compression-Theory-In 1805, an American inventor Oliver Evans described a closed Vapor-Compression refrigeration cycle for the production of ice by ether vacuum. Heat would be removed from the envirment by recycling refrigerant where it would move through a compressor and a condenser and would eventually revert to a liquid.

Oliver Evans-Was an american inventor engineer and businessman born in rural Deleware and then later rooted commercially in Philadelphia. He was one of the first americans building steam engines and an advocate of high pressure steam. A pioneer in the fields of automation, materials handling and steam power. Evans was one of the most productive and influential inventors in the early years of the United States. He left behind a long series of accomplishments, most designing and building the first fully automated industrial process.

Percussion ignition- The Percussion cap replaced with the flint, the steel “frizzen”, and the powder pan of the flint lock mechanism. it was only generally applied to the british military musket in 1842, a quarter of a century after the invention of percussion powder and after an elaborate government test at woolwich in 1834. the first percussion firearm produced for the US military was the percussion carbine version of the M1819 Hall rifle.

Canning Process-Canning is a method of preserving food in which contents are processed and sealed in an airtight container. Canning provides a shelf life typically ranging from one to five years, although under specific circumstances it can be much longer. A freeze dried canned product, such as canned dried lentils, could last as 30 years in an edible state. The canning process was also a useful way to preserve food.